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Tense is a grammatical category, typically marked on the verb, that refers to the time of the event or state denoted by the verb in relation to some other temporal reference point. It comes from Latin word ?TEMPUS?. There are three types of tense. Past Tense, Present Tense and Future Tense.
1) Past Tense: A verb that refers to past time is said to be in past tense. Example: I wrote.
Past Tense are divided into:
a) Simple Past: It is used to indicate an action completed in the past. For example: She left school last year.
b) Past Continuous: It is used to denote an action going on at some point in the past. For example: It was getting darker.
c) Past Perfect: It describes an action completed before certain moment in the past. For example: I have seen him last five years before.
d) Past Perfect Continuous: It is used for an action that began before a certain point in the past and continued up to that time. For example: When Ram came to school in 2008, Hari has already been teaching there for five years.
2) Present Tense: A verb that refers to in the present time is said to be in present tense. For example: I write.
Present Tense are divided into:
a) Simple Present: It is used to express habitual action. For example: He takes milk every morning.
b) Present Continuous: It is used for an action going on at the time of speaking, for a temporary action which may not be actually happening at the time of speaking. For example: She is singing, I am reading David Copperfield.
c) Present Perfect: It is used to indicate complete activities in the immediate past, to express past action whose time is not definite. For example: He has just gone out, Mr. Hari has been to Japan.
d) Present Perfect Continuous: It is used for an action which began at some time in the past and is still continuing. For example: They have been playing since 4o? clock.
3) Future Tense: A verb that refers to in the future time is said to be in the future tense. For example: I shall write.
Future Tense are divided into:
a) Simple Future: It is used for an action that has still to take place. For example: I shall see him tomorrow.
b) Future Continuous: It represents an action as going on at some time in future. For example: I shall be reading the paper then.
c) Future Perfect: It is used to indicate the completion of an action by a certain future time. For example: I shall have written my exercise by that time.
d) Future Perfect Continuous: It indicates an action represented being in progress over a period of time that will end in future. For example: By next July we shall have been living here for four years.

Source: http://alumni.twb.edu.in/index.php/tense

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